mail 보내기 및 설정

다음을 편집 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf . process 다시 띄우기

. Unix 상에서 mail보내기 mailx -v hjkim615@dreamwiz.com

정상적으로 보내지는 멜 hwgapp2-[/]mailx -v hyunjkim@hanwha.co.kr Subject: today today . EOT hwgapp2-[/]hyunjkim@hanwha.co.kr… Connecting to hanwha.co.kr via relay…

hwgapp2-[/] hwgapp2-[/] hwgapp2-[/]220 hoffice ESMTP Sendmail 8.9.3/8.9.3; Wed, 22 Aug 2001 10:23:38 +09 00 (kst) >>> EHLO hwgapp2.hanwha.co.kr 250-hoffice Hello [210.120.25.98], pleased to meet you 250-8BITMIME 250-SIZE 20000000 250-DSN 250-ONEX 250-ETRN 250-XUSR 250 HELP >>> MAIL From:<root@hwgapp2.hanwha.co.kr> SIZE=66 250 <root@hwgapp2.hanwha.co.kr>… Sender ok >>> RCPT To:<hyunjkim@hanwha.co.kr> 250 <hyunjkim@hanwha.co.kr>… Recipient ok >>> DATA 354 Enter mail, end with “.” on a line by itself >>> . 250 KAA20848 Message accepted for delivery hyunjkim@hanwha.co.kr… Sent (KAA20848 Message accepted for delivery) Closing connection to hanwha.co.kr >>> QUIT 221 hoffice closing connection

SunOS의 전자메일은 sendmail에 의해서 운영되며 sendmail은 메일의 라우팅과 forwarding 그리고 aliasing 등을 지정하여 전자메일이 원활히 전달 되도록 한다. 이 글에서는 Solaris 상에 설치되어 있는 Sendmail의 설치와 운영에 관해서 알아본다.

1. 설치전 확인사항

-hostname이 등록되어 있는지 확인

# hostname # 위와 같이 아무것도 나오지 않으면 /etc/hostname.{ethernet-interface} 화일에 hostname을 등록한다. “ethernet-interface”가 “le0″인 경우에 /etc/hostname.le0 화일을 확인한다.

예) # cat /etc/hostsname.le0 pink #

-/etc/hosts 화일에 hostname이 아래와 같은 형태로 등록되어야 한다.

IP-address hostname alias-name

예) 147.6.4.65 pink mail pink.sun.co.kr

2. SunOs 상에 있는 Sendmail의 설치

** /etc/mail/main.cf 화일을 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf 화일로 복사 한다.

# cp /etc/mail/main.cf /etc/mail/sendmail.cf

2.1 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf 화일 수정

-사용 변수 Dw, Cw : hostname을 정의 하는 부분 hostname을 두개이상 사용하고 이 이름 모두로 메일을 받고 싶은경우 Cw에 정의한다.

예) Dwpink Cwpink mail

Dm, Cm : domain name을 정의 하는 부분 domain name을 두개이상 사용하고 이 이름모두로 메일을 받고 싶은경우 Cm에 정의한다.

예) Dmsun.co.kr Cmsun.co.kr sun.com

DM : 사용하는 Mailer를 지정하는 부분으로 보통 같은 도메인에서 메일을 보낼경우에는 “ether”를 사용하고 외부 도메인에도 메일을 보낼 경우 에는 “ddn” 을 사용한다

예) DMether DMddn

DR : default mail relay host를 지정하는 부분 가입한 ISP(Internet Service Provider)에 문의 하여 mail relay host를 확인한다.

예)DRmail.kornet.nm.kr

Dj : hostname과 domainname을 지정 예) Dj$w.$m

– /etc/mail/sendmail.cf 화일 수정 예

############################################################ # # Sendmail configuration file for “MAIN MACHINES” # # You should install this file as /etc/sendmail.cf # if your machine is the main (or only) mail-relaying # machine in your domain. Then edit the file to # customize it for your network configuration. # # See the manual “System and Network Administration for the Sun # Workstation”. Look at “Setting Up The Mail Routing System” in # the chapter on Communications. The Sendmail reference in the # back of the manual is also useful. # # @(#)main.mc 1.17 90/01/04 SMI #

### local info

# delete the following if you have no sendmailvars table Lmmaildomain

# my official hostname Dwpink Cwpink

Dmsun.co.kr Cmsun.co.kr

# You have two choices here. If you want the gateway machine to identify # itself as the DOMAIN, use this line: #Dj$m # If you want the gateway machine to appear to be INSIDE the domain, use: Dj$w.$m # if you are using sendmail.mx (or have a fully-qualified hostname), use: #Dj$w

# major relay mailer DMddn

# major relay host DRmail.kornet.nm.kr CRmail.kornet.nm.kr

#################################################

– mail을 보낼때 DR에 지정된 mail relay host를 거치지 않고 DNS에 정의된 mail exchanger(MX)를 이용해 direct로 메일을 보내고 싶은 경우에는 아래와 같이 sendmail.cf화일의 약 400 ~ 405번 라인의 내용을 변경한다.

변경전

# Replace following with above to only forward “known” top-level domains R$*<@$*.$+>$* $#$M $@$R $:$1<@$2.$3>$4 user@any.domain

# if you are on the DDN, then comment-out both of the the lines above # and use the following instead: #R$*<@$*.$+>$* $#ddn $@ $2.$3 $:$1<@$2.$3>$4 user@any.domain

변경후

# Replace following with above to only forward “known” top-level domains #R$*<@$*.$+>$* $#$M $@$R $:$1<@$2.$3>$4 user@any.domain

# if you are on the DDN, then comment-out both of the the lines above # and use the following instead: R$*<@$*.$+>$* $#ddn $@ $2.$3 $:$1<@$2.$3>$4 user@any.domain

2.2 Sendmail Daemon 살리기

#/usr/lib/sendmail -bd -q1h

-bd : daemon이라는 것을 명시 -q1h : Queue interval 지정 mail 전송시 error가 나면 /usr/spool/mqueue 디렉토리에 쌓이게 되는데 여기에 쌓인 메일을 재 전송하는 주기를 정하는 것으로 1시간이면 “q1h”, 30분이면 “q30m” 이라고 지정하면 된다.

3. 메일 전송 테스트

-메일에는 /bin/mail과 /bin/mailx의 두가지 버젼이 있는데 /bin/mailx가 기능상 사용하기 편하게 되어있으므로 이것을 사용하는 것이 좋다.

-테스트

# /bin/mailx -v 상대방전자메일주소

위와같이 하면 메일이 전송되는 과정이 보여지는데 이 경우 제일 마지막에 “sent”라고 나오면 정상적으로 배달이 된것이다.

예) hsbyun이라는 사용자가 pink.sun.co.kr 이라는 시스템에서 root@kum.kaist.ac.kr로 메일을 보내는 경우

# /bin/mailx -v root@kum.kaist.ac.kr Subject: test test mail . EOT # root@kum.kaist.ac.kr… Connecting to kum.kaist.ac.kr via ether… Trying 128.134.1.1… connected. 220 kum.kaist.ac.kr Sendmail 4.1/KUM-0.1 ready at Fri, 2 Apr 93 14:25:38 KST >>> HELO pink.sun.co.kr 250 kum.kaist.ac.kr Hello pink.sun.co.kr pleased to meet you >>> MAIL From: 250 … Sender ok >>> RCPT To: 250 … Recipient ok >>> DATA 354 Enter mail, end with “.” on a line by itself >>> . 250 Mail accepted >>> QUIT 221 kum.kaist.ac.kr delivering mail root@kum.kaist.ac.kr… Sent

================================================================================== 한화의 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf ==================================================================================

# # Copyright (c) 1983, 1995 Eric P. Allman # Copyright (c) 1988, 1993 # The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. # # Copyright (c) 1993, 1997, 1998 # Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. # # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without # modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions # are met: # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the # documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. # 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software # must display the following acknowledgement: # This product includes software developed by the University of # California, Berkeley and its contributors. # 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors # may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software # without specific prior written permission. # # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS IS” AND # ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE # IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE # ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE # FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL # DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS # OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) # HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT # LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY # OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF # SUCH DAMAGE. #

###################################################################### ###################################################################### ##### ##### SENDMAIL CONFIGURATION FILE ##### ###################################################################### ######################################################################

##### @(#)cfhead.m4 8.9+1.5 (Berkeley+Sun) 01/30/98 ##### ##### @(#)cf.m4 8.24 (Berkeley) 8/16/95 ##### ##### @(#)subsidiary-v7sun.mc 1.3 (Sun) 07/06/98 #####

##### @(#)remote-mode.m4 8.1 (Sun) 11/5/97 #####

##### @(#)solaris2.ml.m4 8.2 (Berkeley) 9/25/96 #####

##### @(#)solaris-generic.m4 1.3 (Sun) 01/27/98 #####

##### @(#)redirect.m4 8.5 (Berkeley) 8/17/96 #####

##### @(#)use_cw_file.m4 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/7/93 #####

##### @(#)use_ct_file.m4 8.1 (Berkeley) 9/17/95 #####

##### @(#)proto.m4 8.151+1.5 (Berkeley+Sun) 03/01/99 #####

# level 7 config file format V7/Sun

################## # local info # ##################

Cwlocalhost # file containing names of hosts for which we receive email Fw-o /etc/mail/sendmail.cw

# my official domain name # … define this only if sendmail cannot automatically determine your domain #Dj$w.Foo.COM #Dj$w.hanwha.co.kr # J.H Change Dj$w.$m

CP.

# “Smart” relay host (may be null) #DSmailhost.$m # J.H Change DShanwha.co.kr

# place to which unknown users should be forwarded #Kuser user -m -a<> #DLname_of_luser_relay

# operators that cannot be in local usernames (i.e., network indicators) CO @ % !

# a class with just dot (for identifying canonical names) C..

# a class with just a left bracket (for identifying domain literals) C[[

# Mailer table (overriding domains) #Kmailertable dbm /etc/mailertable

# Domain table (adding domains) #Kdomaintable dbm /etc/domaintable

# Generics table (mapping outgoing addresses) #Kgenerics dbm /etc/genericstable

# Virtual user table (maps incoming users) #Kvirtuser dbm /etc/virtusertable

# who I send unqualified names to (null means deliver locally) DR

# who gets all local email traffic ($R has precedence for unqualified names) DH

# dequoting map Kdequote dequote

# class E: names that should be exposed as from this host, even if we masquerade # class L: names that should be delivered locally, even if we have a relay # class M: domains that should be converted to $M #CL root CE root

# who I masquerade as (null for no masquerading) (see also $=M) # J.H Change #DM DMether

# my name for error messages DnMAILER-DAEMON

CPREDIRECT

# Configuration version number DZ8.8.8

############### # Options # ###############

# strip message body to 7 bits on input? O SevenBitInput=False

# 8-bit data handling O EightBitMode=pass8

# wait for alias file rebuild (default units: minutes) O AliasWait=10

# location of alias file O AliasFile=/etc/mail/aliases

# minimum number of free blocks on filesystem O MinFreeBlocks=100

# maximum message size #O MaxMessageSize=1000000

# substitution for space (blank) characters O BlankSub=.

# avoid connecting to “expensive” mailers on initial submission? O HoldExpensive=False

# checkpoint queue runs after every N successful deliveries #O CheckpointInterval=10

# default delivery mode O DeliveryMode=background

# automatically rebuild the alias database? O AutoRebuildAliases=True

# error message header/file #O ErrorHeader=/etc/sendmail.oE

# error mode #O ErrorMode=print

# save Unix-style “From_” lines at top of header? #O SaveFromLine

# temporary file mode O TempFileMode=0600

# match recipients against GECOS field? #O MatchGECOS

# maximum hop count #O MaxHopCount=17

# location of help file O HelpFile=/etc/mail/sendmail.hf

# ignore dots as terminators in incoming messages? #O IgnoreDots

# name resolver options #O ResolverOptions=+AAONLY

# deliver MIME-encapsulated error messages? O SendMimeErrors=True

# Forward file search path O ForwardPath=$z/.forward.$w:$z/.forward

# open connection cache size O ConnectionCacheSize=2

# open connection cache timeout O ConnectionCacheTimeout=5m

# persistent host status directory #O HostStatusDirectory=.hoststat

# single thread deliveries (requires HostStatusDirectory)? #O SingleThreadDelivery

# use Errors-To: header? O UseErrorsTo=False

# log level O LogLevel=9

# send to me too, even in an alias expansion? #O MeToo

# verify RHS in newaliases? O CheckAliases=False

# default messages to old style headers if no special punctuation? O OldStyleHeaders=True

# SMTP daemon options #O DaemonPortOptions=Port=esmtp

# privacy flags O PrivacyOptions=authwarnings

# who (if anyone) should get extra copies of error messages #O PostMasterCopy=Postmaster

# slope of queue-only function #O QueueFactor=600000

# queue directory O QueueDirectory=/var/spool/mqueue

# timeouts (many of these) #O Timeout.initial=5m #O Timeout.connect=5m #O Timeout.iconnect=5m #O Timeout.helo=5m #O Timeout.mail=10m #O Timeout.rcpt=1h #O Timeout.datainit=5m #O Timeout.datablock=1h #O Timeout.datafinal=1h #O Timeout.rset=5m #O Timeout.quit=2m #O Timeout.misc=2m #O Timeout.command=1h #O Timeout.ident=30s #O Timeout.fileopen=60s O Timeout.queuereturn=5d #O Timeout.queuereturn.normal=5d #O Timeout.queuereturn.urgent=2d #O Timeout.queuereturn.non-urgent=7d O Timeout.queuewarn=4h #O Timeout.queuewarn.normal=4h #O Timeout.queuewarn.urgent=1h #O Timeout.queuewarn.non-urgent=12h #O Timeout.hoststatus=30m

# should we not prune routes in route-addr syntax addresses? #O DontPruneRoutes

# queue up everything before forking? O SuperSafe=True

# status file O StatusFile=/etc/mail/sendmail.st

# time zone handling: # if undefined, use system default # if defined but null, use TZ envariable passed in # if defined and non-null, use that info #O TimeZoneSpec=

# default UID (can be username or userid:groupid) O DefaultUser=1:1

# list of locations of user database file (null means no lookup) #O UserDatabaseSpec=/etc/userdb

# fallback MX host #O FallbackMXhost=fall.back.host.net

# if we are the best MX host for a site, try it directly instead of config err #O TryNullMXList

# load average at which we just queue messages #O QueueLA=8

# load average at which we refuse connections #O RefuseLA=12

# maximum number of children we allow at one time #O MaxDaemonChildren=12

# maximum number of new connections per second #O ConnectionRateThrottle=3

# work recipient factor #O RecipientFactor=30000

# deliver each queued job in a separate process? #O ForkEachJob

# work class factor #O ClassFactor=1800

# work time factor #O RetryFactor=90000

# shall we sort the queue by hostname first? #O QueueSortOrder=priority

# minimum time in queue before retry #O MinQueueAge=30m

# default character set #O DefaultCharSet=iso-8859-1

# service switch file (ignored on Solaris, Ultrix, OSF/1, others) #O ServiceSwitchFile=/etc/service.switch

# hosts file (normally /etc/hosts) #O HostsFile=/etc/hosts

# dialup line delay on connection failure #O DialDelay=10s

# action to take if there are no recipients in the message #O NoRecipientAction=add-to-undisclosed

# chrooted environment for writing to files #O SafeFileEnvironment=/arch

# are colons OK in addresses? #O ColonOkInAddr

# how many jobs can you process in the queue? #O MaxQueueRunSize=10000

# shall I avoid expanding CNAMEs (violates protocols)? #O DontExpandCnames

# SMTP initial login message (old $e macro) O SmtpGreetingMessage=$j Sendmail $v/$Z; $b

# UNIX initial From header format (old $l macro) O UnixFromLine=From $g $d

# delimiter (operator) characters (old $o macro) O OperatorChars=.:%@!^/[]+

# shall I avoid calling initgroups(3) because of high NIS costs? #O DontInitGroups

# are group-writable :include: and .forward files (un)trustworthy? #O UnsafeGroupWrites

# where do errors that occur when sending errors get sent? #O DoubleBounceAddress

# what user id do we assume for the majority of the processing? #O RunAsUser=sendmail

# treat /var/mail mount source, or specified value, as mail-server O RemoteMode=

# shall we get local names from our installed interfaces? #O DontProbeInterfaces

########################### # Message precedences # ###########################

Pfirst-class=0 Pspecial-delivery=100 Plist=-30 Pbulk=-60 Pjunk=-100

##################### # Trusted users # #####################

# this is equivalent to setting class “t” Ft-o /etc/mail/sendmail.ct Troot Tdaemon Tuucp

######################### # Format of headers # #########################

H?P?Return-Path: <$g> HReceived: $?sfrom $s $.$?_($?s$|from $.$_) $.by $j ($v/$Z)$?r with $r$. id $i$?u for $u; $|; $.$b H?D?Resent-Date: $a H?D?Date: $a H?F?Resent-From: $?x$x <$g>$|$g$. H?F?From: $?x$x <$g>$|$g$. H?x?Full-Name: $x # HPosted-Date: $a # H?l?Received-Date: $b H?M?Resent-Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j> H?M?Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j> # ###################################################################### ###################################################################### ##### ##### REWRITING RULES ##### ###################################################################### ######################################################################

############################################ ### Ruleset 3 — Name Canonicalization ### ############################################ S3

# handle null input (translate to <@> special case) R$@ $@ <@>

# strip group: syntax (not inside angle brackets!) and trailing semicolon R$* $: $1 <@> mark addresses R$* < $* > $* <@> $: $1 < $2 > $3 unmark <addr> R@ $* <@> $: @ $1 unmark @host:… R$* :: $* <@> $: $1 :: $2 unmark node::addr R:include: $* <@> $: :include: $1 unmark :include:… R$* [ $* : $* ] <@> $: $1 [ $2 : $3 ] unmark IPv6 addrs R$* : $* [ $* ] $: $1 : $2 [ $3 ] <@> remark if leading colon R$* : $* <@> $: $2 strip colon if marked R$* <@> $: $1 unmark R$* ; $1 strip trailing semi R$* < $* ; > $1 < $2 > bogus bracketed semi

# null input now results from list:; syntax R$@ $@ :; <@>

# strip angle brackets — note RFC733 heuristic to get innermost item R$* $: < $1 > housekeeping <> R$+ < $* > < $2 > strip excess on left R< $* > $+ < $1 > strip excess on right R<> $@ < @ > MAIL FROM:<> case R< $+ > $: $1 remove housekeeping <>

# make sure <@a,@b,@c:user@d> syntax is easy to parse — undone later R@ $+ , $+ @ $1 : $2 change all “,” to “:”

# localize and dispose of route-based addresses R@ $+ : $+ $@ $>96 < @$1 > : $2 handle <route-addr>

# find focus for list syntax R $+ : $* ; @ $+ $@ $>96 $1 : $2 ; < @ $3 > list syntax R $+ : $* ; $@ $1 : $2; list syntax

# find focus for @ syntax addresses R$+ @ $+ $: $1 < @ $2 > focus on domain R$+ < $+ @ $+ > $1 $2 < @ $3 > move gaze right R$+ < @ $+ > $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > already canonical

# do some sanity checking R$* < @ $* : $* > $* $1 < @ $2 $3 > $4 nix colons in addrs

# convert old-style addresses to a domain-based address R$- ! $+ $@ $>96 $2 < @ $1 .UUCP > resolve uucp names R$+ . $- ! $+ $@ $>96 $3 < @ $1 . $2 > domain uucps R$+ ! $+ $@ $>96 $2 < @ $1 .UUCP > uucp subdomains

# if we have % signs, take the rightmost one R$* % $* $1 @ $2 First make them all @s. R$* @ $* @ $* $1 % $2 @ $3 Undo all but the last. R$* @ $* $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > Insert < > and finish

# else we must be a local name R$* $@ $>96 $1

################################################ ### Ruleset 96 — bottom half of ruleset 3 ### ################################################

S96

# handle special cases for local names R$* < @ localhost > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 no domain at all R$* < @ localhost . $m > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 local domain R$* < @ localhost . UUCP > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 .UUCP domain R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $1 < @@ [ $2 ] > $3 mark [a.b.c.d] R$* < @@ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $3 self-literal R$* < @@ $+ > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 canon IP addr

# look up domains in the domain table #R$* < @ $+ > $* $: $1 < @ $(domaintable $2 $) > $3

# if really UUCP, handle it immediately

# try UUCP traffic as a local address R$* < @ $+ . UUCP > $* $: $1 < @ $[ $2 $] . UUCP . > $3 R$* < @ $+ . . UUCP . > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 . > $3

# pass to name server to make hostname canonical R$* < @ $* $~P > $* $: $1 < @ $[ $2 $3 $] > $4

# local host aliases and pseudo-domains are always canonical R$* < @ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . > $3 R$* < @ $j > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 R$* < @ $=M > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . > $3 R$* < @ $* $=P > $* $: $1 < @ $2 $3 . > $4 R$* < @ $* . . > $* $1 < @ $2 . > $3

################################################## ### Ruleset 4 — Final Output Post-rewriting ### ################################################## S4

R$* <@> $@ handle <> and list:;

# strip trailing dot off possibly canonical name R$* < @ $+ . > $* $1 < @ $2 > $3

# eliminate internal code — should never get this far! R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $1 < @ $j > $2

# externalize local domain info R$* < $+ > $* $1 $2 $3 defocus R@ $+ : @ $+ : $+ @ $1 , @ $2 : $3 <route-addr> canonical R@ $* $@ @ $1 … and exit

# UUCP must always be presented in old form R$+ @ $- . UUCP $2!$1 u@h.UUCP => h!u

# delete duplicate local names R$+ % $=w @ $=w $1 @ $2 u%host@host => u@host

############################################################## ### Ruleset 97 — recanonicalize and call ruleset zero ### ### (used for recursive calls) ### ##############################################################

S97 R$* $: $>3 $1 R$* $@ $>0 $1

###################################### ### Ruleset 0 — Parse Address ### ######################################

S0

R$* $: $>Parse0 $1 initial parsing R$* $: $>98 $1 handle local hacks R$* $: $>Parse1 $1 final parsing

SParse0 R<@> $#local $: <@> special case error msgs R$* : $* ; <@> $#error $@ 5.1.3 $: “list:; syntax illegal for recipient addresses” R<@ $+> $#error $@ 5.1.1 $: “user address required” R$* $: <> $1 R<> $* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $1 < @ [ $2 ] > $3 R<> $* <$* : $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.1 $: “colon illegal in host name part” R<> $* $1 R$* < @ . $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.2 $: “invalid host name” R$* < @ $* .. $* > $* $#error $@ 5.1.2 $: “invalid host name”

# handle numeric address spec R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $>98 $1 < @ [ $2 ] > $3 numeric internet spec R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $#esmtp $@ [$2] $: $1 < @ [$2] > $3 still numeric: send

# now delete the local info — note $=O to find characters that cause forwarding R$* < @ > $* $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $1 user@ => user R< @ $=w . > : $* $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $2 @here:… -> … R$- < @ $=w . > $: $(dequote $1 $) < @ $2 . > dequote “foo”@here R< @ $+ > $#error $@ 5.1.1 $: “user address required” R$* $=O $* < @ $=w . > $@ $>Parse0 $>3 $1 $2 $3 …@here -> …

SParse1 # handle virtual users #R$+ < @ $=w . > $: < $(virtuser $1 @ $2 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 < @ $2 . > #R<@> $+ + $* < @ $* . > $: < $(virtuser $1 + * @ $3 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 + $2 < @ $3 . > #R<@> $+ + $* < @ $* . > $: < $(virtuser $1 @ $3 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 + $2 < @ $3 . > #R<@> $+ < @ $+ . > $: < $(virtuser @ $2 $@ $1 $: @ $) > $1 < @ $2 . > #R<@> $+ $: $1 #R< error : $- $+ > $* $#error $@ $( dequote $1 $) $: $2 #R< $+ > $+ < @ $+ > $: $>97 $1

# short circuit local delivery so forwarded email works #R$+ . USENET < @ $=w . > $#usenet $: $1 handle usenet specially R$=L < @ $=w . > $#local $: @ $1 special local names R$+ < @ $=w . > $#local $: $1 regular local name

# not local — try mailer table lookup #R$* <@ $+ > $* $: < $2 > $1 < @ $2 > $3 extract host name #R< $+ . > $* $: < $1 > $2 strip trailing dot #R< $+ > $* $: < $(mailertable $1 $) > $2 lookup #R< $~[ : $+ > $* $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 check — resolved? #R< $+ > $* $: $>90 <$1> $2 try domain

# resolve remotely connected UUCP links (if any)

# resolve fake top level domains by forwarding to other hosts

# figure out what should stay in our local mail system

R$* < @ $* .$m. > $* $#esmtp $@ $2.$m $: $1 < @ $2.$m. > $3

# pass names that still have a host to a smarthost (if defined) R$* < @ $* > $* $: $>95 < $S > $1 < @ $2 > $3 glue on smarthost name

# deal with other remote names R$* < @$* > $* $#esmtp $@ $2 $: $1 < @ $2 > $3 user@host.domain

# if this is quoted, strip the quotes and try again R$+ $: $(dequote $1 $) strip quotes R$+ $=O $+ $@ $>97 $1 $2 $3 try again

# handle locally delivered names R$=L $#local $: @ $1 special local names R$+ $#local $: $1 regular local names

########################################################################### ### Ruleset 5 — special rewriting after aliases have been expanded ### ###########################################################################

S5

# deal with plussed users so aliases work nicely R$+ + * $#local $@ $&h $: $1 R$+ + $* $#local $@ + $2 $: $1 + *

# prepend an empty “forward host” on the front R$+ $: <> $1

# send unrecognized local users to a relay host #R< > $+ $: < $L . > $( user $1 $) look up user #R< $* > $+ <> $* $: < > $2 $3 found; strip $L #R< $* . > $+ $: < $1 > $2 strip extra dot

# see if we have a relay or a hub R< > $+ $: < $H > $1 try hub R< > $+ $: < $R > $1 try relay R< > $+ $: < > < $1 $(dequote “” $&h $) > nope, restore +detail R< > < $+ + $* > $* < > < $1 > + $2 $3 find the user part R< > < $+ > + $* $#local $@ $2 $: @ $1 strip the extra + R< > < $+ > $@ $1 no +detail R$+ $: $1 $(dequote “” $&h $) add +detail back in R< local : $* > $* $: $>95 < local : $1 > $2 no host extension R< error : $* > $* $: $>95 < error : $1 > $2 no host extension R< $- : $+ > $+ $: $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 < @ $2 > R< $+ > $+ $@ $>95 < $1 > $2 < @ $1 >

################################################################### ### Ruleset 33 — needed only for Sun’s RemoteMode ### ################################################################### S33 R$+ < @ $=w . > $1 R$* < @ $+ > $* $#relay $@${ms} $:$1<@$2>$3 forward to ${ms} R$+ $#local $:$1 local names

################################################################### ### Ruleset 90 — try domain part of mailertable entry ### ###################################################################

S90 #R$* <$- . $+ > $* $: $1$2 < $(mailertable .$3 $@ $1$2 $@ $2 $) > $4 #R$* <$~[ : $+ > $* $>95 < $2 : $3 > $4 check — resolved? #R$* < . $+ > $* $@ $>90 $1 . <$2> $3 no — strip & try again #R$* < $* > $* $: < $(mailertable . $@ $1$2 $) > $3 try “.” #R< $~[ : $+ > $* $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 “.” found? #R< $* > $* $@ $2 no mailertable match

################################################################### ### Ruleset 95 — canonify mailer:[user@]host syntax to triple ### ###################################################################

S95 R< > $* $@ $1 strip off null relay R< error : $- $+ > $* $#error $@ $( dequote $1 $) $: $2 R< local : $* > $* $>CanonLocal < $1 > $2 R< $- : $+ @ $+ > $*<$*>$* $# $1 $@ $3 $: $2<@$3> use literal user R< $- : $+ > $* $# $1 $@ $2 $: $3 try qualified mailer R< $=w > $* $@ $2 delete local host R< $+ > $* $#relay $@ $1 $: $2 use unqualified mailer

################################################################### ### Ruleset CanonLocal — canonify local: syntax ### ###################################################################

SCanonLocal # strip trailing dot from any host name that may appear R< $* > $* < @ $* . > $: < $1 > $2 < @ $3 >

# handle local: syntax — use old user, either with or without host R< > $* < @ $* > $* $#local $@ $1@$2 $: $1 R< > $+ $#local $@ $1 $: $1

# handle local:user@host syntax — ignore host part R< $+ @ $+ > $* < @ $* > $: < $1 > $3 < @ $4 >

# handle local:user syntax R< $+ > $* <@ $* > $* $#local $@ $2@$3 $: $1 R< $+ > $* $#local $@ $2 $: $1

################################################################### ### Ruleset 93 — convert header names to masqueraded form ### ###################################################################

S93

# handle generics database #R$+ < @ $=G . > $: < $1@$2 > $1 < @ $2 . > @ mark #R$+ < @ *LOCAL* > $: < $1@$j > $1 < @ *LOCAL* > @ mark #R< $+ > $+ < $* > @ $: < $(generics $1 $: $) > $2 < $3 > #R< > $+ < @ $+ > $: < $(generics $1 $: $) > $1 < @ $2 > #R< $* @ $* > $* < $* > $@ $>3 $1 @ $2 found qualified #R< $+ > $* < $* > $: $>3 $1 @ *LOCAL* found unqualified #R< > $* $: $1 not found

# special case the users that should be exposed R$=E < @ *LOCAL* > $@ $1 < @ $j . > leave exposed R$=E < @ $=M . > $@ $1 < @ $2 . > R$=E < @ $=w . > $@ $1 < @ $2 . >

# handle domain-specific masquerading R$* < @ $=M . > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . @ $M > $3 convert masqueraded doms R$* < @ $=w . > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . @ $M > $3 R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $: $1 < @ $j . @ $M > $2 R$* < @ $+ @ > $* $: $1 < @ $2 > $3 $M is null R$* < @ $+ @ $+ > $* $: $1 < @ $3 . > $4 $M is not null

################################################################### ### Ruleset 94 — convert envelope names to masqueraded form ### ###################################################################

S94 #R$+ $@ $>93 $1 R$* < @ *LOCAL* > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2

################################################################### ### Ruleset 98 — local part of ruleset zero (can be null) ### ###################################################################

S98

# addresses sent to foo@host.REDIRECT will give a 551 error code R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > $: $1 < @ $2 . REDIRECT . > < ${opMode} > R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > <i> $: $1 < @ $2 . REDIRECT. > R$* < @ $+ .REDIRECT. > < $- > $# error $@ 5.1.1 $: “551 User has moved; please try ” <$1@$2> # ###################################################################### ###################################################################### ##### ##### MAILER DEFINITIONS ##### ###################################################################### ######################################################################

################################################## ### Local and Program Mailer specification ### ##################################################

##### @(#)local.m4 8.23 (Berkeley) 5/31/96 #####

Mlocal, P=/usr/lib/mail.local, F=lsDFMAw5:/|@qfSmn9, S=10/30, R=20/40, T=DNS/RFC822/X-Unix, A=mail.local -d $u Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsDFMoqeu9, S=10/30, R=20/40, D=$z:/, T=X-Unix, A=sh -c $u

# # Envelope sender rewriting # S10 R<@> $n errors to mailer-daemon R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed R$* $: $>94 $1 do masquerading

# # Envelope recipient rewriting # S20 R$+ < @ $* > $: $1 strip host part

# # Header sender rewriting # S30 R<@> $n errors to mailer-daemon R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed R$* $: $>93 $1 do masquerading

# # Header recipient rewriting # S40 R$+ $: $>50 $1 add local domain if needed #R$* $: $>93 $1 do all-masquerading

# # Common code to add local domain name (only if always-add-domain) # S50 #R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already fully qualified #R$+ $@ $1 < @ *LOCAL* > add local qualification

##################################### ### SMTP Mailer specification ### #####################################

##### @(#)smtp.m4 8.33+1.4 (Berkeley+Sun) 01/30/98 #####

Msmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuX, S=11/31, R=21, E=rn, L=990, T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP, A=IPC $h Mesmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa, S=11/31, R=21, E=rn, L=990, T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP, A=IPC $h Msmtp8, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuX8, S=11/31, R=21, E=rn, L=990, T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP, A=IPC $h Mrelay, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa8, S=11/31, R=61, E=rn, L=2040, T=DNS/RFC822/SMTP, A=IPC $h

# # envelope sender rewriting # S11 R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common R$* :; <@> $@ list:; special case R$* $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual’ed names R$+ $: $>94 $1 do masquerading R$+ < @ $=w . > $: $>96 $1 < @ ${ms} > change to mail server

# # envelope recipient rewriting — # also header recipient if not masquerading recipients # S21 R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common R$+ $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual’ed names

# # header sender and masquerading header recipient rewriting # S31 R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient common R:; <@> $@ list:; special case

# do special header rewriting R$* <@> $* $@ $1 <@> $2 pass null host through R< @ $* > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 pass route-addr through R$* $: $>61 $1 qualify unqual’ed names R$+ $: $>93 $1 do masquerading R$+ < @ $=w . > $: $>96 $1 < @ ${ms} > change to mail server

# # convert pseudo-domain addresses to real domain addresses # S51

# pass <route-addr>s through R< @ $+ > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 resolve <route-addr>

# output fake domains as user%fake@relay

# do UUCP heuristics; note that these are shared with UUCP mailers R$+ < @ $+ .UUCP. > $: < $2 ! > $1 convert to UUCP form R$+ < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 not UUCP form

# leave these in .UUCP form to avoid further tampering R< $&h ! > $- ! $+ $@ $2 < @ $1 .UUCP. > R< $&h ! > $-.$+ ! $+ $@ $3 < @ $1.$2 > R< $&h ! > $+ $@ $1 < @ $&h .UUCP. > R< $+ ! > $+ $: $1 ! $2 < @ $Y > use UUCP_RELAY R$+ < @ $+ : $+ > $@ $1 < @ $3 > strip mailer: part R$+ < @ > $: $1 < @ *LOCAL* > if no UUCP_RELAY

# # common sender and masquerading recipient rewriting # S61

R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already fully qualified R$+ $@ $1 < @ *LOCAL* > add local qualification

# # relay mailer header masquerading recipient rewriting # S71

R$+ $: $>61 $1 R$+ $: $>93 $1

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